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Abba Kyari: The Celebrated Super Cop And Unsung Heroe, By Yushau A. Shuaib

Abba Kyari

In September 2019, over a dozen entries were received nominating DCP Abba Kyari for a certain category of the First Security and Emergency Management Awards (SAEMA). At that time and up till recently, the now-suspended police officer was the most celebrated crime-buster in the Nigeria Police Force, leading him to be given the sobriquet of a “Supercop” for his extraordinary, if not close to legendary, prowess in tracking down and nabbing armed robbers and kidnappers.

The Chairperson of the awards panel, retired Air Vice Marshall Mohammed Audu-Bida, while considering other factors, urged members of the panel to reach out to senior officers in the security services for their comments on the process and probably put forward more nominations of potential awardees in the various categories being rewarded.

Thereafter, more nominations of gallant but unsung security personnel were received, especially from the Police, which have many officers who are mostly involved in intelligence and combat operations.

The former FCT Police Commissioner, now Assistant Inspector General of Police (AIG) Bala Ciroma, had eloquent testimonies of how he had led officers and men of the Command in discreet operations that culminated in the arrests and occasional elimination of vicious armed gangs that were terrorising and abducting innocent people. Some of the cases and suspects were subsequently referred to the Force Headquarters or other security services for further actions.

Rather than accept his nomination, Ciroma had suggested a very thorough and disciplinarian female police officer, CSP Olabisi Davies, who was DPO at Wuye, which had become one of the most peaceful districts in Abuja. The policewoman was always on patrol at night, seeking out those involved in nefarious activities, usually under the cover of darkness. She also had a track record of successfully turning young offenders into productive citizens through counselling in the district.

Similarly, one DCP Kolo Yusuf, who had also led his team to capture over 100 kidnappers terrorizing innocent people in mostly the North-West and North-Central zones, politely declined his nomination for an award but rather recommended the twin police officers, Hassan and Hussaini Gimba, who were noted as developing remarkable profiles in crime-fighting in his team.

The twins have appeared on several verified videos clips interrogating arrested criminals, whose sophisticated weapons and arms had equally been wrested from them and put forward as exhibits. Strangely too, the twin officers had insisted that unless the Police Headquarters endorsed their nomination, they could not honour the award events.

There was also another counter-terrorism police officer, CSP Ibrahim Mohammed, who had not only competently engaged ISWAP/Boko Haram terrorists in combat, but had led his team on several rescue operations involving citizens, including soldiers, who were delivered from the vice-grip of the insurgents in Borno State.

In fact, the story of DCP Tunde Disu, who replaced Abba Kyari, constitutes another chapter entirely. Disu has saved many lives, especially those of youths and young graduates, who could have found themselves either as victims or engaged in fraud and other criminal activities. It was only when it had become absolutely necessary, and there was unassailable evidence of wrongdoing that Disu ever agreed to the public parade of crime suspects.

There are indeed many security personnel in the Force today, who are performing exceedingly well in their areas of responsibility and would rather keep low profiles than cultivate unnecessary public exposure, due to the sensitive nature of their assignments. They are the unsung security personnel but highly dedicated to the protection of the lives and properties of which only a very few are ever celebrated.

While it is regrettable that Abba Kyari allowed overzealousness, exuberance and indiscretion to define his actions in his security and law enforcement duties, I would rather blame the society, his media handlers and the Police Force for what is now deemed as his fall from grace to grass.

Even though society naturally appreciates the gallantry of our security agencies and officials, it was quite unfortunate that many top public functionaries and business people were inviting DCP Kyari to their events and posting such engagements in the media to ratchet up their social standing. And yet ill-advisedly too, instead of becoming very cautious about some of these outings, Kyari appeared to have gotten carried away and revelled in the spotlight, leading to the abuse of the privileges and disposition of his sensitive strategic positions, in hobnobbing with people of questionable integrity, and equally posting these on social media platforms.

While the media developed interests in his exploits as a crime fighter, they allowed him or his media handlers to promote his efforts, rather than those of his team to the high heavens. This became one of his major Achilles heels. There is a huge gulf between the practice of public relations and the indulgence in publicity as an end in itself. In PR, not all activities need to be publicised or promoted because of the potential fallouts of such exposure. Some publicity in terms of policing or security duties could end up enabling the reprisal intents of the targets of one’s exertions, besides the envy of peers and enemies that comes which such territory.

As an institution with moral and ethical values, the Police appeared not to have been able to tame Kyari, even when he was showing up in very lousy places for the glitz of the celebrity showcase. Instead of reprimanding and curtailing him, the command seemed to have gotten caught up in the cult of the celebrity of an individual, rather than the celebration of the team. In fact, when his younger sister got married in 2019, the creme de la creme of society ‘stormed’ Maiduguri, including the then Inspector General of Police, among top dignitaries, in what was a high society event witnessing guest arrivals in different aircraft.

Meanwhile, DCP Kyari’s case still hangs on the balance. Before the American FBI went public in indicting him, as it has done, it ought to have contacted its Nigerian counterpart with the overwhelming evidence it had against the super cop, as it is traditionally the case. Even at that, it might be difficult to perfect the extradition of Abba Kyari to the United States of America on technical grounds, alongside other militating factors. Similar indictments by the American system against prominent Nigerians were not consummated in the extradition of these personalities. There was the case of a politician, Senator Buruji Kashamu, indicted for alleged illicit drug peddling, which was ongoing before he died, and there is the example of the owner of Air Peace, Allen Onyema, over money laundering claims, as recent references.

While he could attempt to hide under the concept of an agent provocateur to defend himself in this situation, nevertheless his work as an undercover operative is not known. In fact, agent provocateurs are expected to act as secret agents encouraging suspected criminals to carry out their illegal activities as a way of obtaining evidence. However, Abba Kyari could not be said to fit into this role because he has been widely promoted as a known or overt crime fighter.

My greatest concern has been the huge damage this affair has done to our law enforcement services, as a well-decorated officer considered as one of our finest, who had taken enormous risks in resolving fighting crime and saving lives (winning laurels, accolades and swift promotions) is suddenly discovered to have gone rogue or compromised at some point.

There are a lot of lessons to be learnt from the Abba Kyari affair, especially by law enforcement officials on reputation management and the seductive adulation of the public spotlight.

Yushau A. Shuaib is Author of “Award-Winning Crisis Communication Strategies” and can be reached at

www.YAShuaib.com

It’s A Lie, We Never Recommended Creation Of 20 New States – Senate

The Senate Committee on the Review of the 1999 Constitution has denied report making the rounds in the media that it had recommended the creation of additional 20 States in Nigeria.

A statement today, August 8 by the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Media and Public Affairs, Senator Dr. Ajibola Basiru described the report in the media as a gross misrepresentation of the decision of the committee on the request for creation of more states.

“Far from recommending creation of any state, the Senate Committee, while acknowledging receipts of several Bills proposing creation of new states, decided that it is not in a position to recommend or proposed the creation of any state unless there is compliance with the provisions of section 8 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic as amended.

“For ease of reference, Section 8 of the Constitution provides:

An Act of the National Assembly for the purpose of creating a new State shall only be passed if-

(a) a request, supported by at least two-thirds majority of members (representing the area demanding the creation of the new State) in each of the following, namely –

(i) the Senate and the House of Representatives,

(ii) the House of Assembly in respect of the area, and

(iii) the local government councils in respect of the area,

is received by the National Assembly;

(b) a proposal for the creation of the State is thereafter approved in a referendum by at least two-thirds majority of the people of the area where the demand for creation of the State originated;

(c) the result of the referendum is then approved by a simple majority of all the States of the Federation supported by a simple majority of members of the Houses of Assembly; and

(d) the proposal is approved by a resolution passed by two-thirds majority of members of each House of the National Assembly.”

Senator Ajibola Basiru said that in view of the above, “the Senate Committee is not in a position to propose creation of any state as reported. Rather, the committee decided to refer the requests received to Independent National Electoral Commission to ensure compliance with section 8 of the Constitution by conducting referendum in the areas if the requests supported by at least two-thirds majority of members (representing the area demanding the creation of the new State) in the Senate,  the House of Representatives and the House of Assembly in the area.

“The above clarifications are imperative to set the record straight.”

We’ve Been Making Judicious Use Of State House Budgets, Prof. Gambari Tells Senate

Ibrahim gambari

Professor Ibrahim Gambari, the Chief of Staff to President Muhammadu Buhari, has said that the State House has been making judicious use of the budgetary allocations to it by the National Assembly.

Speaking today, August 8 when he received members of the Senate Committee on Federal Character and Inter-Governmental Affairs at the Presidential Villa, Abuja, Professor Gambari said that the management of the State House are working in tandem with the mood of the President.

“We operate within the budget of the State House and we try to manage our resources very judiciously because that’s also one of the things that Mr. President insists on; the judicious use of scarce resources.

“We must always remember that all of us Senators, the State House staff, we serve only one constituency, which is the people of Nigeria.”

The Chief of Staff assured the visitors that the State House, by nature, has to lead by example, adding that President Buhari believed strongly in transparency, openness and accountability.

“So we are very open, and I’m sure in terms of our interactions, there may be issues that you want to raise, which we are going to respond to very positively.”

Professor Gambari acknowledged the seriousness with which the Senators take their assignment, adding: “Federal Character sums up the strength of our country because the strength of our country lies in our diversity; diversity is not a weakness but strength because out of those plurality of our people we are working towards one nation and therefore the maintenance of the strength and the use of it for the fulfilment of the purposes of the state directives, policies, programs and projects of several administration is in your hands, in terms of oversight.”

According to Prof. Gambari, “Inter-Governmental Affairs is very important because no particular Government, State, Federal, Local or entities of the three arms of government, the legislature, the executive and the judiciary is an island, rather, working together in the harmonious way can achieve the purposes which our various mandates have given us.”

This was even as the Chairman of the committee, Senator Danjuma Laah said that the committee has no intention to indict, sabotage, vindicate or find fault with the State House officials “but to further expand and reason for the good governance of our country and ensure proper service delivery.”

He stressed that the committee enjoys a very good and cordial working relationship with the management of the State House, and that the visit aims at further deepening the existing relationship.

The Permanent Secretary State House, Tijjani Umar, in his presentation outlined in detail the budget performance for the periods under review, 2018, 2019 and 2020.

He commended members of the Committee for their invaluable assistance, guidance and understanding as they strive to provide excellent, efficient and qualitative service to the President towards the effective discharge of his responsibility to Nigerians.

The Committee members, accompanied by the Permanent Secretary and State House management team later went to project sites for inspection.

They expressed satisfaction with what they saw, especially the extension of the State House Clinic, the Special Care Centre and ground clearing for the construction of the new Presidential Wing of the State House Clinic which would take care of the President, the Vice President, their families and other VIPs.

NNPC Smiles Home With ₦43.57 Billion Trading Surplus In April

The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) has announced a trading surplus of ₦43.57 billion in April 2021, representing a 23.64 percent increase over the ₦35.24 billion surplus it recorded in the previous month of March 2021.
This is contained in the April 2021 edition of the NNPC Monthly Financial and Operations Reports, in a statement today, August 8, by the Group General Manager, Group Public Affairs Division of the Corporation, Dr. Kennie Obateru.
The statement said that the trading surplus or trading deficit is derived after deduction of the expenditure profile from the revenue for the period under review.
According to the report, the NNPC Group operating revenue in April 2021, as compared to March 2021, increased by 17.73 percent or N80.67bn to stand at N535.61 billion.
It said that expenditure for the month increased by 17.24 percent or N72.34 billion to stand at N492.05 billion, while expenditure as a proportion of revenue stood at 0.92, same as last month.
The report attributed the rise in trading surplus to the activities of the Corporation’s Upstream subsidiary, the Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NPDC), such as crude oil lifting from OML 119 (Okono Okpoho) and OMLs 60, 61, 62, 63 (Nigerian Agip Oil Company), as well as increase in gas sales.
It added that the positive outlook was further consolidated by the robust gains of two other subsidiaries namely: Duke Oil and the National Engineering and Technical Company (NETCO).
In the Downstream, to ensure uninterrupted supply and effective distribution of fuel across the country, a total of 1.67billion litres of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) translating to 55.79mn liters/day were supplied in the month under review.
The report also showed a 34.29 percent reduction in the number of pipeline points vandalized from 70 in the previous month of March 2021 to 46 in April 2021. While Port Harcourt area accounted for 54 percent, Mosimi area accounted for 46 percent of the vandalized points.
In the Gas sector, a total of 209.27 billion cubic feet (bcf) of natural gas was produced in the month under review, translating to an average daily production of 6,975.72 million standard cubic feet per day (mmscfd).
For the period of April 2020 to April 2021, a total of 2,902.52bcf of gas was produced, representing an average daily production of 7,369.76mmscfd during the period.
Period-to-date production from Joint Ventures (JVs), Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs) and NPDC contributed about 62.07 percent, 19.95 percent and 17.98 percent respectively to the total national gas production.
In terms of natural Gas off-take, commercialization and utilization, out of the 206.40bcf supplied in April 2021, a total of 126.83bcf of gas was commercialized consisting of 42.92bcf and 83.91bcf for the domestic and export markets respectively.
This translates to a total supply of 1,430.90mmscfd of gas to the domestic market and 2,976.94mmscfd of gas supplied to the export market for the month.
This implies that 61.45 percent of the average daily gas produced was commercialized while the balance of 38.55 percent was either re-injected, used as upstream fuel gas or flared. Gas flare rate was 9.74 percent for the month under review (i.e. 670.19mmscfd) compared with average gas flare rate of 7.42 percent (i.e. 542.22mmscfd) for the period of April 2020 to April 2021.
A total of 795 mmscfd was delivered to gas-fired power plants in the month of April 2021 to generate an average power of about 3,416 MW.
NNPC started publishing its Monthly Financial and Operation Report in October 2015, making the April 2021 edition the 69th in the series. It is published in line the commitment of the Corporation’s Management to be more transparent, accountable to its stakeholders and the Nigerian public.

Igbos Will Colonize Us If We Agree To Be Part Of Biafra – Niger Delta

Dr. Liege-Lord Keston Okoro Mohammed Al-Amin | Photo credit:
Independent Newspaper

“Niger Delta and Edo States cannot be part of Biafra as that would amount to another form of colonialism with unimaginable implications.”

This was the position of the National President of Niger Delta Advocate, a socio-political pressure group of the Niger Delta people, Dr. Liege-Lord Keston Okoro Mohammed Al-Amin. He, therefore, warned proponents of the republic of Biafra to desist from listing the Niger Delta area particularly Delta State as part of Biafra.

Keston Al-Amin, in a statement today, August 7, said that what the people of the Niger Delta desire most is restructuring and devolution of power to the constituent units instead of separatist agitations.

The leader of the group who is former member of the Delta State House of Assembly decried the continued listing of the Niger Delta states as part of Biafra, particularly by a group that styled itself as the Indigenous Peoples of the Niger Delta, (IPND).

He, however, stressed that the Mid-west region, for instance, is big enough to be a republic of its own instead of being annexed to Biafra.

“These agitations should be well guided not to hurt the sensibilities of others. We in the Niger Delta are not part of Biafra and will never be. Furthermore, separation is not all about war. There are peaceful aspects to separation which can be legally achieved through a referendum.

‘’I chanced on a document recently which disclosed that in 1776, the USA split from the UK, the heavens did not fall; In 1830 Belgium separated from the Netherlands and they are living well as separate nations; In 1965, Singapore split off from Malaysia and the former relationship has no impact on the present; in 2002, East Timor got split off from Indonesia; In 1921, Ireland split off from the United Kingdom, and (possibly in the future) there will be secession of Scotland.

‘’In 1944, Iceland split from Denmark with remarkable ease without resorting to violence and mindless killing of the citizens to drive home their point; In 1905 Norway split from Denmark; In 1905, Norway and Sweden also peacefully split ways. One got the car, the other got the kids etc.

“Other examples abound. I wonder why Nigeria that became one in 1914 cannot part ways if that is what will guarantee peace in Nigeria. But in all the agitations, nobody should force the Niger Delta into any unwanted union.”

Al-Amin noted that in the event of any break-up in Nigeria, we shall have no choice but to make a resolute declaration of the Sovereign State Of the Niger Delta Republic (SSNDR).

‘’On a second thought at least the Midwest region that was established by the overwhelming 100% votes of the Urhobos in 1963 comprising of Delta and Edo States, cannot be part of Biafra as that would amount to another form of colonialism with unimaginable implications’’, he said.

Sit-At-Home: IPOB Bringing More Hardships To Igbos In Southeast – Ohanaeze Cautioned

The apex Igbo socio-cul­tural organization, Ohaneze Ndigbo has warned the proscribed Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) to stop its order on Igbo people in the Southeast to observe a sit-at-home as a means of forcing the government to release its leader, Nnamdi Kanu.

In a statement today, August 7, General of the Ohaneze Ndigbo, Okechuk­wu Isiguzoro, stressed that the planned sit-at-home could cause avoidable economic hardship on the Igbos and called on Igbos to ig­nore order.

He said that the sit-at-home declaration aimed at pressuris­ing the Nigerian authorities to release Nnamdi Kanu will de­stroy the backstage activities and efforts of Igbo leaders and politicians to use diplomatic means to get him released.

“There is hunger and hard­ship in Southeastern Nigeria. From sad experiences of past ‘ sit-at-homes,’ there were eco­nomic losses, destruction of properties, and hikes in prices of food and essential materials across Southeastern Nigeria, and Igbos painstakingly en­dured untold hardship and this must not continue.”

Isiguzoro advised Igbos to circumvent the hardships associated with sit-at-home and ignore it and go to their normal businesses on Monday.

“IPOB should review their stance and unveil more stra­tegic planning with Southern Nigerian Governors and Legis­lators to press for the release of Nnamdi Kanu without hurting or subjecting the people to sor­row, affliction and despair.”

This was even as the Coalition of South East Youth Leaders (COSEYL), which is the apex socio-polit­ical Youth Group in the Southeast region, also dismissed as senseless, the threat by IPOB to place the entire Southeast region under lockdown until Namdi Kanu is granted un­conditional release by the Fed­eral government.

COSEYL, in a statement jointly signed by its Pres­ident-General and Secre­tary-General – Goodluck Ibem and Kanice Igwe respectively argued that shutting down the region and its economic activ­ities would not augur well for anybody or group and there­fore not a win-win case at a time like this.

COSEYL said that although it appreciates that right to self-determination is a proper­ty of the late 1940s Universal Declaration of Human Rights to which every human group is entitled to and to which Ni­geria is a signatory together with other instruments of in­ternational law, it does not see economic wisdom in shutting down business and work-re­lated activities on Mondays which it (IPOB) had labeled ‘Ghost Mondays.’

Flood Stops Senator Smart Adeyemi Back From Journey

File photo: Houses submerged in flood in Kogi State.

Flood on Abuja-Lokoja high way, caused by a four-hour heavy downpour today, August 7, turned back a lot of passengers, including the Senator representing Kogi West Senatorial District, Smart Adeyemi.

Eye witness account said that three buses were swept off the highway in the aftermath of the heavy rainfall which made it impossible for many vehicles from Abuja to proceed to Lokoja, Okene, and the Southern parts.

Speaking on the development, Senator Adeyemi described the flood as devastating, saying: “I witnessed how some vehicles were swept away from the highway.

“I and many travellers can no longer continue with our journey. We have become stranded. There is no other way than to turn back to Abuja.”

Boko Haram/ISWAP Currently Recruiting People To Boost Depleting Strength – Army

The Nigerian Army has said that Boko Haram and ISWAP terrorists are now recruiting unsuspecting Nigerians, using video propaganda to seek relevance and replenish their depleting fighting force as a result of the sustained military bombardments from both land and air components of Operation Hadin Kai.

A statement today, August 7 by the Director of the Army Public Relations, Brigadier General Onyema Nwachukwu, said that troops have continued to sustain operation and has exerted so much pressure on the terrorists and their sympathizers that a lot of them are now surrendering.

“In recent times, a good number of these terrorists have surrendered to troops in different locations across the theatre, a trend that indicates that they are loosing the capacity to remain in the fight.

“Apparently, there are indications that their fighting capability has been severely encumbered by devastating depletion, with their remnants deserting various enclaves, leaving behind a few diehards that will undoubtedly be eliminated by the highly spirited troops of OPHK in no distant future.

“In a bid to replenish their fast depleting fighting force and clandestinely conscript  unsuspecting individuals to join their fold, BHT embarked on a subtle recruitment drive using the said propaganda video to portray a lavish lifestyle in their so-called fortress; a psychological strategy desperately deployed to attract impressionable youths and unsuspecting individuals.”

He said that most of the terrorists who surrendered to the troops lamented that the condition in their enclaves have become unbearable and they have no option than to give themselves up to troops.

“Contrary to the false impression they attempt to project, of a blissful live in their enclaves, the true situation in their evil enclave is one of hunger, disease, brutality, high level of immorality and the constant fear of military offensives.

“A cursory look at the video revealed an amateur work of doctored old clips and images from different backgrounds, skewed with blurred imageries that are incoherent and illogical. The incontrovertible reality is that the group is facing imminent destruction and  extinction.

We Have No Link With IPOB – Agitators For Southern Cameroun Republic

File photo: Members of IPOB during protest in Anambra

Leader of the agitators for a Southern Cameroon Republic from the current Republic of Cameroun have made it clear that they have no link and cannot have any link with Nnamdi Kanu or his group, the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB).

The Cameroonian separatist Leader, Samuel Sako, who leads ‘The Interim Government of the separatist group in southern Cameroon agitating for their own country called ‘Ambazonia’, made this known in a zoom meeting yesterday.

He said that the report of an ‘alliance’ with IPOB was an ‘evil deception’ aimed at frustrating the relationship between the group and the Nigerian government.

“I especially thank the governors of Cross River, Akwa Ibom, and Taraba who have shown our people unparalleled hospitality since the beginning of this war,”.

“I challenge the civil society and the journalists in Nigeria, this is the authority that speaks for the people of Southern Cameroon. We have not and we will not endorse Biafra, that’s the position we have taken. We recognise the right to self-determination of people of the world according to the laws even of Nigeria,”

Sako, 65, said that the reported alliance last April between IPOB and a “so-called Ambazonian Governing Council.” was orchestrated by the Cameroonian government and, possibly, the French Secret Service “to serve as the bogeyman to cow the Nigerian state into an unholy alliance against the legitimate aspiration of the people of Southern Cameroon.”

CBN Made Banks To Refund N89.2 Billion To 22,173 Aggrieved Customers In 2021 – Emefiele

The Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Dr. Godwin Emefiele, has hinted that at the end of June this year, commercial banks in Nigeria refunded N89.2 billion to 22,173 customers over complaints.

Dr. Emefiele spoke today, August 5, at the CBN Fair, held simultaneously in Cross River and Akwa Ibom States, with the theme: “Promoting financial stability and economic development”.

The CBN boss, who was represented by the Acting Director of the  Corporate Communications of the Bank, Osita Nwanisobi, said that the cumulative number of complaints from customers of commercial banks as at June was 23,526 while 22,173 out of which were resolved.

According to him, the fair became necessary to create awareness on CBN interventions and how it was impacting on the lives and businesses of the people.

“When the CBN governor assumed duty as the 11th governor of the apex bank, he made a profound statement that he wants a people-centered CBN and you cannot have that if you do not engage.

“Also, CBN has about 37 targeted interventions which include The Targeted Credit Facility, Health Sector Intervention, Commercial Agric Credit Scheme, Nigerian Electricity Market Stabilisation Fund and others.

“In addition, we want to use this opportunity to build the confidence of Nigerians that the nation’s financial institutions are resilient, stable and safe.

“Nigerians have nothing to fear as the CBN carries out a periodic examination of the banks,” he said.

On the issue of digital currency by the CBN, the governor asserted that Nigerians needed to understand that cryptocurrencies are issued by unknown entities without regulations.

He added that the digital currency which CBN intends to issue would be regulated by the apex bank and it can be used for the nation’s monetary policy.

In his remarks, Head of the Consumer Protection Department of the CBN, Daramola Atanda, said that Nigerians must know their rights as customers and report cases of violations to the CBN on 07002255226 or cpd@cbn.gov.ng.

Atanda however asked bank customers to be responsible as there were issues that were in their own purview; such as understanding the package given to them by a bank.

He appealed to customers to ensure that they repay their loans and also protect their financial instruments such as their debit cards and others.

Speaking virtually, from Uyo, Mrs. Amina Abdulmalik from the Currency Operations Department of the CBN, called on Nigerians to handle the Naira with care as it was national pride.

“Our Naira notes are supposed to last for about two years after printing but due to poor handling, some of them do not last for more than three months.

Source: NAN.

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